I think that what happens is that the ECU can move the timing, based on Knock sensors, through a range. Let's say 10 degrees.
So if you have regular gas, on a hot day. the engine knocks, the ECU retards the timing down to +5 degrees and all is well.
If OTOH you have set the base to 17.......the ECU can only retard to +7 which might not be enuf to prevent knocking, running poor gas on a hot day.
And remember, ignition timing is interdependent upon emission controls also.
Advanced too far, the engine will have high NOX emissions.
So part of the timing is controlled by the O2 sensors regardless of where you have the base set.
Homer